Leech Introduction

The Enzymatic constitution Of Leeches are as follows:

Hirudin	Inhibits blood coagulation by binding to thrombin
Calin	Inhibits blood coagulation by blocking the binding of von Willebrand factor to collagen. Inhibits collagen- mediated platelet aggregation
Destabilase	Monomerizing activity. Dissolves fibrin. Thrombolytic effects
Hirustasin	Inhibits kallikrein, trypsin, chymotrypsin, neutropholic cathepsin G
Bdellins	Anti-inflammatory. Inhibits trypsin, plasmin, acrosin
Hyaluronidase	Increases interstitial viscosity. Antibiotic
Tryptase inhibitor	Inhibits proteolytic enzymes of host mast cells
Eglins	Anti-inflammatory. Inhibit the activity of alpha-chymotrypsin, chymase, substilisin, elastase, cathepsin G
Factor Xa inhibitor	Inhibits the activity of coagulation factor xa by forming equimolar complexes
Complement inhibitors	May possibly replace natural complement inhibitors if they are deficient
Carboxypeptidase A inhibitors	Increases the inflow of blood at the bite site
Histaminelike substances	Vasodilator. Increases the inflow of blood at the bite site
Acetylcholine	Vasodilator
Anesthetics substance	Anesthetic

Leech- Mode Of Action....

Leeches can attach themselves to a human body and suck out blood for 30 minutes to an hour, removing about 20 ml of blood before they fall off. They attach themselves to the skin using two muscular suckers. They then bite the skin through three teeth that are inside one of these suckers. Leeches can actually ingest about five times their body weight in blood before they let go of the skin and fall off.

These little creatures have had a long and strange history in the medical field. The first recorded use of medicinal leeches was about 2500 years ago.Back then, leeches were used to remove the “bad blood” from patients that were suffering from things as basic as a headache etc.

Leech- Morphology
Medicinal leeches have 5 pairs of eyes, but they do not see the full spectrum of a picture, although leeches can find their way almost perfectly. Smell, taste and touch are well-developed, which help leeches to survive. It is worth noticing that leeches wonderfully respond to smell of items that are deep down the water. They can't live in contaminated and smelly water. Medicinal Leech can't be closed to salt, beer, wine, chlorine, alcohol, etc. If they do they will be killed almost instantly. Leeches don’t walk, but they move by either an undulating swimming motion (eel like) or by an inch-worm like crawl using both, the anterior and posterior suckers. 

Hirudo medicinalis has been the focus of most scientific studies for many hundreds years . This annelid from the subclass Hirudinea has 2 suckers, an anterior (head) and a posterior (back), The back is bigger than the anterior. The Hirudinea has 32 brains. It has between 80 to 100 tiny small teeth in each jaw, in total it has between 240 to 300 teeth. It is hermaphrodite, which means it has two reproductive organs: Ovaries and testes. https://twitter.com/Omshivaayurveda
Leeches usually have three jaws but the Australian land leech has only two jaws and make a V-shaped incision. In general leeches make a Y-shaped incision when they attach to its prey. Their size range between 7 mm long to 300 mm when extended and very agile to extend or reduce their length. They normally breathe with their body and they have anaerobic breathing system, which means they can breathe without oxygen unlike human.